チェビシェフ多項式の具体的表示

ルジャンドル多項式の次にチェビジェフ多項式が出てきた。
これは、

\Large T_{n}(cos~\theta)=cos~n\theta


と表せるもので、
例えば、


\large cos~2\theta=2cos^2\theta-1


だから、


\large T_{2}(x)=2x^2-1


cosnθの計算って高校のとき誰もがやったと思う。
なかなか計算が大変で、5次くらいまでしかやった記憶がない。
ここではなるべく高次まで計算したいと思う。


\large cos(n+1)\theta=cos~n\theta~cos~\theta-sin~n\theta~sin~\theta
\large sin(n+1)\theta=sin~n\theta~cos~\theta+cos~n\theta~sin~\theta


上を下に代入してsin(n+1)θ、sinnθを消去すると、


\large cos(n+2)\theta=2cos~\theta~cos(n+1)\theta-cosn~\theta


となって、

\Large T_{n+2}(x)=2xT_{n+1}(x)-T_{n}(x)


という漸化式が得られる。
これを用いてプログラムを書くと、63次まで得られた。

T0(x)=1
T1(x)=x
T2(x)=-1+2x2
T3(x)=-3x+4x3
T4(x)=1-8x2+8x4
T5(x)=5x-20x3+16x5
T6(x)=-1+18x2-48x4+32x6
T7(x)=-7x+56x3-112x5+64x7
T8(x)=1-32x2+160x4-256x6+128x8
T9(x)=9x-120x3+432x5-576x7+256x9
T10(x)=-1+50x2-400x4+1120x6-1280x8+512x10
T11(x)=-11x+220x3-1232x5+2816x7-2816x9+1024x11
T12(x)=1-72x2+840x4-3584x6+6912x8-6144x10+2048x12
T13(x)=13x-364x3+2912x5-9984x7+16640x9-13312x11+4096x13
T14(x)=-1+98x2-1568x4+9408x6-26880x8+39424x10-28672x12+8192x14
T15(x)=-15x+560x3-6048x5+28800x7-70400x9+92160x11-61440x13+16384x15
T16(x)=1-128x2+2688x4-21504x6+84480x8-180224x10+212992x12-131072x14+32768x16
T17(x)=17x-816x3+11424x5-71808x7+239360x9-452608x11+487424x13-278528x15+65536x17
T18(x)=-1+162x2-4320x4+44352x6-228096x8+658944x10-1118208x12+1105920x14-589824x16+131072x18
T19(x)=-19x+1140x3-20064x5+160512x7-695552x9+1770496x11-2723840x13+2490368x15-1245184x17+262144x19
T20(x)=1-200x2+6600x4-84480x6+549120x8-2050048x10+4659200x12-6553600x14+5570560x16-2621440x18+524288x20
T21(x)=21x-1540x3+33264x5-329472x7+1793792x9-5870592x11+12042240x13-15597568x15+12386304x17-5505024x19+1048576x21
T22(x)=-1+242x2-9680x4+151008x6-1208064x8+5637632x10-16400384x12+30638080x14-36765696x16+27394048x18-11534336x20+2097152x22
T23(x)=-23x+2024x3-52624x5+631488x7-4209920x9+17145856x11-44843008x13+76873728x15-85917696x17+60293120x19-24117248x21+4194304x23
T24(x)=1-288x2+13728x4-256256x6+2471040x8-14057472x10+50692096x12-120324096x14+190513152x16-199229440x18+132120576x20-50331648x22+8388608x24
T25(x)=25x-2600x3+80080x5-1144000x7+9152000x9-45260800x11+146227200x13-317521920x15+466944000x17-458752000x19+288358400x21-104857600x23+16777216x25
T26(x)=-1+338x2-18928x4+416416x6-4759040x8+32361472x10-141213696x12+412778496x14-825556992x16+1133117440x18-1049624576x20+627048448x22-218103808x24+33554432x26
T27(x)=-27x+3276x3-117936x5+1976832x7-18670080x9+109983744x11-428654592x13+1143078912x15-2118057984x17+2724986880x19-2387607552x21+1358954496x23-452984832x25+67108864x27
T28(x)=1-392x2+25480x4-652288x6+8712704x8-69701632x10+361181184x12-1270087680x14+3111714816x16-5369233408x18+6499598336x20-5402263552x22+2936012800x24-939524096x26+134217728x28
T29(x)=29x-4060x3+168896x5-3281408x7+36095488x9-249387008x11+1151016960x13-3683254272x15+8341487616x17-13463453696x19+15386804224x21-12163481600x23+6325010432x25-1946157056x27+268435456x29
T30(x)=-1+450x2-33600x4+990080x6-15275520x8+141892608x10-859955200x12+3572121600x14-10478223360x16+22052208640x18-33426505728x20+36175872000x22-27262976000x24+13589544960x26-4026531840x28+536870912x30
T31(x)=-31x+4960x3-236096x5+5261568x7-66646528x9+533172224x11-2870927360x13+10827497472x15-29297934336x17+57567870976x19-82239815680x21+84515225600x23-60850962432x25+29125246976x27-8321499136x29+1073741824x31
T32(x)=1-512x2+43520x4-1462272x6+25798656x8-275185664x10+1926299648x12-9313976320x14+32133218304x16-80648077312x18+148562247680x20-200655503360x22+196293427200x24-135291469824x26+62277025792x28-17179869184x30+2147483648x32
T33(x)=33x-5984x3+323136x5-8186112x7+118243840x9-1083543552x11+6723526656x13-29455450112x15+93564370944x17-218864025600x19+379364311040x21-485826232320x23+453437816832x25-299708186624x27+132875550720x29-35433480192x31+4294967296x33
T34(x)=-1+578x2-55488x4+2108544x6-42170880x8+511673344x10-4093386752x12+22761029632x14-91044118528x16+267776819200x18-586290298880x20+959384125440x22-1167945891840x24+1042167103488x26-661693399040x28+282930970624x30-73014444032x32+8589934592x34
T35(x)=-35x+7140x3-434112x5+12403200x7-202585600x9+2106890240x11-14910300160x13+74977509376x15-275652608000x17+754417664000x19-1551944908800x21+2404594483200x23-2789329600512x25+2384042393600x27-1456262348800x29+601295421440x31-150323855360x33+17179869184x35
T36(x)=1-648x2+69768x4-2976768x6+66977280x8-916844544x10+8307167232x12-52581629952x14+240999137280x16-819082035200x18+2095125626880x20-4063273943040x22+5977134858240x24-6620826304512x26+5429778186240x28-3195455668224x30+1275605286912x32-309237645312x34+34359738368x36
T37(x)=37x-8436x3+573648x5-18356736x7+336540160x9-3940579328x11+31524634624x13-180140769280x15+757650882560x17-2392581734400x19+5742196162560x21-10531142369280x23+14743599316992x25-15625695002624x27+12315818721280x29-6992206757888x31+2701534429184x33-635655159808x35+68719476736x37
T38(x)=-1+722x2-86640x4+4124064x6-103690752x8+1589924864x10-16188325888x12+115630899200x14-601280675840x16+2334383800320x18-6880289095680x20+15547666268160x22-27039419596800x24+36108024938496x26-36681168191488x28+27827093110784x30-15260018802688x32+5712306503680x34-1305670057984x36+137438953472x38
T39(x)=-39x+9880x3-746928x5+26604864x7-543921664x9+7120429056x11-63901286400x13+411402567680x15-1960212234240x17+7061349335040x19-19502774353920x21+41626474905600x23-68822438510592x25+87841744879616x27-85678155104256x29+62646392979456x31-33221572034560x33+12060268167168x35-2680059592704x37+274877906944x39
T40(x)=1-800x2+106400x4-5617920x6+156900480x8-2677768192x10+30429184000x12-243433472000x14+1424085811200x16-6254808268800x18+21002987765760x20-54553214976000x22+110292369408000x24-173752901959680x26+212364657950720x28-199183403319296x30+140552804761600x32-72155450572800x34+25426206392320x36-5497558138880x38+549755813888x40
T41(x)=41x-11480x3+959728x5-37840704x7+857722624x9-12475965440x11+124759654400x13-898269511680x15+4808383856640x17-19570965872640x19+61508749885440x21-150732904857600x23+289407177326592x25-435347548798976x27+510407471005696x29-461013199618048x31+314327181557760x33-156371169312768x35+53532472377344x37-11269994184704x39+1099511627776x41
T42(x)=-1+882x2-129360x4+7537376x6-232581888x8+4393213440x10-55381114880x12+492952780800x14-3220624834560x16+15871575982080x18-60144919511040x20+177570714746880x22-411758179123200x24+752567256612864x26-1083059755548672x28+1219998345330688x30-1062579203997696x32+700809813688320x34-338168545017856x36+112562502893568x38-23089744183296x40+2199023255552x42
T43(x)=-43x+13244x3-1218448x5+52915456x7-1322886400x9+21262392320x11-235521884160x13+1884175073280x15-11249633525760x17+51314117836800x19-181798588907520x21+505874334351360x23-1112923535572992x25+1940482062024704x27-2676526982103040x29+2901009890279424x31-2439485589553152x33+1557990796689408x35-729869562413056x37+236394999971840x39-47278999994368x41+4398046511104x43
T44(x)=1-968x2+155848x4-9974272x6+338412800x8-7038986240x10+97905899520x12-963996549120x14+6988974981120x16-38370843033600x18+162773155184640x20-541167892561920x22+1423506847825920x24-2978414327758848x26+4964023879598080x28-6573052309536768x30+6864598984556544x32-5579780992794624x34+3454150138396672x36-1572301627719680x38+495879744126976x40-96757023244288x42+8796093022208x44
T45(x)=45x-15180x3+1530144x5-72864000x7+1999712000x9-35340364800x11+431333683200x13-3812168171520x15+25227583488000x17-128055803904000x19+507344899276800x21-1588210119475200x23+3959937231224832x25-7897310717542400x27+12604574741299200x29-16047114509352960x31+16168683558666240x33-12717552782278656x35+7638169839206400x37-3380998255411200x39+1039038488248320x41-197912092999680x43+17592186044416x45
T46(x)=-1+1058x2-186208x4+13034560x6-484140800x8+11038410240x10-168586629120x12+1826663915520x14-14613311324160x16+88826010009600x18-418884762992640x20+1555857691115520x22-4599927086776320x24+10898288790208512x26-20758645314682880x28+31782201792135168x30-38958828003262464x32+37917148110127104x34-28889255702953984x36+16848641306132480x38-7257876254949376x40+2174833999740928x42-404620279021568x44+35184372088832x46
T47(x)=-47x+17296x3-1902560x5+98933120x7-2967993600x9+57417185280x11-768506941440x13+7465496002560x15-54454206136320x17+305707823923200x19-1345114425262080x21+4699925501706240x23-13159791404777472x25+29693888297959424x27-54121865370664960x29+79611518093623296x31-94086339565191168x33+88551849002532864x35-65416681245114368x37+37078280867676160x39-15554790998147072x41+4547580092481536x43-826832744087552x45+70368744177664x47
T48(x)=1-1152x2+220800x4-16839680x6+682007040x8-16974397440x10+283420999680x12-3363677798400x14+29544303329280x16-197734422282240x18+1030300410839040x20-4246086541639680x22+13999778090188800x24-37217871599763456x26+80146421910601728x28-140025932533465088x30+198181864190509056x32-226089827240509440x34+205992953708019712x36-147682003796361216x38+81414437990301696x40-33284415996035072x42+9499780463984640x44-1688849860263936x46+140737488355328x48
T49(x)=49x-19600x3+2344160x5-132612480x7+4332007680x9-91365980160x11+1335348940800x13-14192851599360x15+113542812794880x17-701176668487680x19+3405715246940160x21-13192098584985600x23+41159347585155072x25-104129631497486336x27+214414709191868416x29-359663383160553472x31+490450067946209280x33-540731503483551744x35+477402588661153792x37-332442288460398592x39+178383666978750464x41-71116412084551680x43+19826393672056832x45-3448068464705536x47+281474976710656x49
T50(x)=-1+1250x2-260000x4+21528000x6-947232000x8+25638412800x10-466152960000x12+6034375680000x14-57930006528000x16+424820047872000x18-2432653747814400x20+11057517035520000x22-40383975260160000x24+119536566770073600x26-288405684905574400x28+568855350917201920x30-917508630511616000x32+1206989963132928000x34-1287455960675123200x36+1102487181118668800x38-746299014911098880x40+390051749953536000x42-151732604633088000x44+41341637204377600x46-7036874417766400x48+562949953421312x50
T51(x)=-51x+22100x3-2864160x5+175668480x7-6226471680x9+142642805760x11-2267654860800x13+26261602959360x15-229402825850880x17+1550816764231680x19-8271022742568960x21+35307132656025600x23-121927298105475072x25+343202765037633536x27-791226079003017216x29+1497374084994957312x31-2325467328969441280x33+2954711429749407744x35-3052314510011400192x37+2537416650697736192x39-1670981696800948224x41+851219911991623680x43-323291602938232832x45+86131342873460736x47-14355223812243456x49+1125899906842624x51
T52(x)=1-1352x2+304200x4-27256320x6+1298568960x8-38091356160x10+751438571520x12-10569685401600x14+110453212446720x16-883625699573760x18+5534287276277760x20-27599562520657920x22+110998240572211200x24-363391162981023744x26+974811214980841472x28-2151307508923236352x30+3912256800501530624x32-5857924621071810560x34+7196878820173938688x36-7207116201141469184x38+5821132316306571264x40-3732015143555432448x42+1854172428616335360x44-687924843080843264x46+179299560164687872x48-29273397577908224x50+2251799813685248x52
T53(x)=53x-24804x3+3472560x5-230181120x7+8823609600x9-218825518080x11+3770532003840x13-47400973762560x15+450309250744320x17-3318068163379200x19+19339597295124480x21-90506257697341440x23+343923779249897472x25-1069985090999681024x27+2740848508964700160x29-5799989102841430016x31-8296763143737049088x33+3776183401816522752x35-1000671923350274048x37+1495095020728877056x39-5133497744295460864x41-8315250199102488576x43+4031636460170903552x45-1461981029035147264x47+372954344141619200x49-59672695062659072x51+4503599627370496x53
T54(x)=-1+1458x2-353808x4+34201440x6-1758931200x8+55738575360x10-1189089607680x12+18110749409280x14-205255159971840x16+1784244201062400x18-12170423603036160x20+66278757110906880x22-292010755966894080x24+1051238721480818688x26-3114781396980203520x28+7633004526852636672x30+2934509067525160960x32+7711142407307264000x34+355487983459106816x36+5205772354440921088x38-2830942274848817152x40-6534980345035489280x42-37928753111760896x44+8751197763422650368x46-3103261618234982400x48+775182085861146624x50-121597189939003392x52+9007199254740992x54
T55(x)=-55x+27720x3-4180176x5+298584000x7-12341472000x9+330302668800x11-6148711219200x13+83622472581120x15-860819570688000x17+6886556565504000x19-43680444501196800x21+223063771919155200x23-927945291183685632x25+3172462533961318400x27-8970411302925107200x29+2619254082837151744x31-4280962794922180608x33-6800642660911546368x35+1711647890268487680x37+8916449688152965120x39-528386805402173440x41-4754710490968489984x43-4107493966394425344x45+517632482170896384x47-6579477580611584000x49+1610036866784952320x51-247697979505377280x53+18014398509481984x55
T56(x)=1-1568x2+409248x4-42561792x6+2356099200x8-80421519360x10+1849694945280x12-30408171847680x14+372500105134080x16-3505883342438400x18+25943536734044160x20-153639646113300480x22+738138299805204480x24-2907129303848189952x26-8987037608806711296x28-7127083058993299456x30+2303999098149142528x32+2173676076557926400x34+4489970768427352064x36-1782476573903945728x38+2217097577445195776x40+5478206734231142400x42+8975251844884332544x44+1480558377498050560x46+4138526582576775168x48+4512606826625236992x50+3341670923508908032x52-504403158265495552x54+36028797018963968x56
T57(x)=57x-30856x3+4998672x5-383707584x7+17053670400x9-491145707520x11+9848101109760x13-144438816276480x15+1605819780956160x17-13898323250380800x19+95567517969285120x21-530343064145756160x23+2404221890794094592x25-8986721141657698304x27-9003663914688315392x29+1573323872885800960x31+8888960991220465664x33-7298749259682152448x35+7268293646586216448x37+5965341237748695040x39+4962581960292564992x41-2735620114278776832x43+3611253582453538816x45+2443484272825204736x47-3590213327944417280x49+7415176786465521664x51+6931039826523193344x53-1026820715040473088x55+72057594037927936x57
T58(x)=-1+1682x2-470960x4+52559136x6-3123514368x8+114528860160x10-2831986360320x12+50104374067200x14-661377737687040x16+6717522904350720x18-53740183234805760x20+344774682051870720x22-1798824428096716800x24+7715573085436379136x26-8986404674508685312x28+7566499303326220288x30+842648647622459392x32-2842498167826546688x34-640725214082105344x36-2127680206633172992x38-8733159175657357312x40+4446957186353987584x42+4000252000267665408x44+5741948787409027072x46+748441963073634304x48+6753710591195480064x50-6958061424287416320x52-4080261262397669376x54-2089670227099910144x56+144115188075855872x58
T59(x)=-59x+34220x3-5940592x5+488825856x7-23300699136x9+720203427840x11-15512073830400x13+244647564410880x15-2928575256330240x17+27333369059082240x19-203047884438896640x21+1219892428249497600x23-6001870746987528192x25+5971123238820904960x27-8969145434329055232x29-4887069339942912000x31-7203663695975546880x33+1613752924029059072x35-8549744074750427136x37+8226042422694510592x39-3982156237897728000x41-6817209586722799616x43+4389250418081792000x45+9040413301992849408x47+5087097254091685888x49+6092244395925438464x51-2400418601388474368x53-7133701809754865664x55-4251398048237748224x57+288230376151711744x59
T60(x)=1-1800x2+539400x4-64440320x6+4101166080x8-161130258432x10+4272393216000x12-81128521728000x14+1150672866508800x16-12574673417011200x18+108406921352970240x20-750870450929664000x22+4238609284595712000x24-1272570505701883904x26+2481907078440943616x28-7058046098274779136x30+7829956746201268224x32+6881914849585004544x34+3868231062140223488x36+3474936130841870336x38+6738499947336826880x40+6035474411560108032x42+812072899996286976x44+3036552048754556928x46-1114359432797487104x48+3420483916987891712x50+695806142428741632x52-720575940379279360x54+6269010681299730432x56-8646911284551352320x58+576460752303423488x60
T61(x)=61x-37820x3+7019392x5-617706496x7+31503031296x9-1042463944704x11+24056860262400x13-406904607866880x15+5229920989347840x17-52482715893104640x19+419861727144837120x21-2721633330108825600x23-3967654757530599424x25-8516264250224672768x27-4513784482498609152x29+9217721217102905344x31+4416833114668531712x33-6296667298568601600x35-2160537874678677504x37-1276170161010769920x39-987587941138169856x41+441414336133464064x43-2765104618089218048x45-2967309204483735552x47-7315816119686660096x49+748723438050344960x51+3792030886245957632x53+5692549928996306944x55-1657324662872342528x57+864691128455135232x59+1152921504606846976x61
T62(x)=-1+1922x2-615040x4+78479104x6-5336579072x8+224136321024x10-6357321105408x12+129242242252800x14-1964482082242560x16+23034515395706880x18-213372353139179520x20+1590593905219338240x22+8764868128896188416x24-6662739009359314944x26-1067691505180737536x28-1969522866722439168x30-7841258385705009152x32+1951751379752058880x34+1985178414432124928x36-7796011880199225344x38+9155903804351184896x40-8010650293836447744x42+70755772270641152x44-8566761284932993024x46-4820258976169984000x48+394627917348339712x50+801640733671948288x52+8304637712871194624x54+5116089176692883456x56+5332261958806667264x58+1152921504606846976x60+2305843009213693952x62
T63(x)=-63x+41664x3-8249472x5+774664704x7-42176189440x9+1490736586752x11-36771502473216x13+665389092372480x15-9158885153832960x17+98551746684518400x19-846606433423196160x21+5902821140547502080x23+3050646941613424640x25-4809213768493957120x27+2378401472137134080x29+5289977123161767936x31-1652605812368998400x33-8246574015636832256x35+6130894703542927360x37+4130890474321870848x39+852651476130988032x41+1984029149903192064x43+2906616162630500352x45+4280530708327301120x47-2324701832653307904x49+40532396646334464x51-2188749418902061056x53-7530018576963469312x55-6557241057451442176x57-8646911284551352320x59+1152921504606846976x61+4611686018427387904x63